What characterizes a trade surplus?

A trade surplus occurs when a country's exports exceed its imports. This situation signifies that the nation is selling more goods and services to other countries than it is buying from them. As a result, this can reflect positively on a country's economy, as it indicates healthy demand for its products internationally. When exports are higher, it usually leads to a greater inflow of money into the economy, potentially increasing employment and production within the country.

Additionally, a trade surplus often contributes to a stronger national currency because foreign buyers need to purchase the domestic currency to pay for the exported goods and services. This can enhance national economic stability and growth, making option C the correct choice in defining a trade surplus.