What economic condition occurs when a country exports more than it imports?

A situation in which a country exports more than it imports is known as a trade surplus. This economic condition indicates that the value of a nation's exports exceeds the value of its imports, leading to a net inflow of money into the country. A trade surplus can signify a strong economy where domestic goods are in demand abroad, creating jobs and promoting economic growth.

The concept of a trade surplus can also influence currency values and lead to stronger national currencies, as increased demand for a country’s exports raises the value of its currency. This standing can enhance the country's economic position on the global stage.

In contrast, other terms mentioned in the options describe different economic scenarios. A trade deficit occurs when imports surpass exports, indicating outflows of economic resources. Market equilibrium refers to a state where supply and demand in a market balance out, affecting prices but not directly related to trade balances. Monetary imbalance is a broader term that doesn’t specifically denote a situation of exports exceeding imports.